Barbarians by Peter Bogucki

Author:Peter Bogucki
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Reaktion Books

The Roman frontiers in Germania

The Romans had their own name for the Barbarian World that lay along the Rhine river and beyond: Germania. Areas on the west bank of the Rhine were incorporated into the Roman Empire by Caesar as part of his conquest of Gaul and became known as Lesser Germania, divided into two provinces. Lower Germania (Germania Inferior) corresponded to the Benelux countries and the Rhineland, while Upper Germania (Germania Superior) covered modern Alsace and northwestern Switzerland. Beyond the Rhine lay Greater Germania (Germania Magna), stretching indefinitely to the east. While the border between Lesser and Greater Germania was permeable, Caesar never went beyond the Rhine during his conquests. Instead, relationships were developed with client kings and dynasties similar to those with the elites in Britain. Barbarian warlords in Germania Magna became cosy with Roman authorities across the Rhine, and their subjects not only traded with Roman-occupied zones but also picked up Roman cultural practices. Some served in the Roman army, starting a tradition that culminated several centuries later.

Cross-section of Roman wine amphora of the Dressel 1B type, one of the most common found in Gaul and Britain during the first millennium BC.

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